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  • The energy appliance end of California’s clean energy economy encompasses the development, manufacture, installation, and repair of energy-using appliances. With an LQ of 1.13, California is not particularly specialized across these sectors. However, this industry does not tend to be concentrated. Even Vermont, the state with the highest density of energy appliance jobs, only has an LQ of 2.2. Traditional HVAC activities—that is, the manufacture and installation of less energy-efficient heating and cooling systems—are more concentrated than the other sectors while energy-efficient HVAC has lower than expected concentration. In real terms, twice as many California workers are devoted to traditional HVAC (124,384) as the efficient alternative (64,703). Advanced materials, which include energy-efficient building materials and insulation are not specialized in California.